THE PROCESS

PRETREATMENT

Step 1

In order to convert agricultural waste into bio-ethanol, one must first begin with the pretreatment stage. The purpose of pretreatment is to reduce the particle size and crystallinity of lignocellulosic materials by breaking down the lignin and hemicellulose structures in organisms.

HYDROLYSIS

Step 2

Once the pretreatment stage is complete, the hydrolysis stage should begin. Hydrolysis breaks down the polysaccharides present in the remaining feed-stock to free the sugar molecules.

FERMENTATION

Step 3

The final stage in the conversion is the fermentation stage. Here we convert the glucose, produced from the hydrolysis stage, into bio-ethanol by adding yeast cells into the remaining product.